In Segregation in Texas, Professor Richard Epstein contends that the disparate effect standard can be an “intrusive and unworkable test that combines high administrative price with threat of welcoming massive abuses by both the courts plus the executive branch of government…” certainly, in the context of payday financing, the disparate effect test can be an unworkable test, not a great deal for the danger of welcoming massive abuses, but alternatively when it comes to hefty burden the test places on claimants.
The Department of Housing and Urban Development’s formula of this disparate effect test is just a three-part inquiry: at phase one the claimant must show that a specific training features a “discriminatory impact.” At phase two, the financial institution may justify its methods simply because they advance some “substantial, genuine, nondiscriminatory interest.” At stage three, the claimant may bypass that reason by showing the genuine ends of “the challenged practice could possibly be offered by another training which have a less discriminatory impact.”
Despite the fact that evidence of discriminatory intent isn’t necessary, claimants nevertheless bear a difficult burden at phase one in showing with advanced statistical analysis demonstrable undesireable effects and recognition associated with exact training causing these impacts. Such claims are especially tough to show in financing situations because loan providers may effortlessly conceal abuse of sex biases or stereotypes in determining prices, rates, and store areas underneath the guise of “just doing company” or simple coincidence just because of customers’ buying choices. It’s very unusual for plaintiffs in disparate effect instances, with the exception of a few very advanced and litigants that are well-funded to prevail. Continue reading Payday Lending Regulations Neglect To Address Concerns of Discrimination